MONDO_0004697 (esophageal leukoplakia) is a rare condition that usually affects the middle-to-distal esophagus in middle-aged and elderly people. There is usually a history of tobacco smoking or alcohol intake. Dysphagia is the presenting symptom. Morphologically, the lesions are well-demarcated and are characterized by epithelial hyperplasia, thickened basal layer, prominent granular cell layer, and hyperorthokeratosis. In a minority of patients this condition is associated with adjacent high-grade squamous dysplasia and/or squamous cell carcinoma. Also known as: esophageal epidermoid metaplasia, esophageal leukoplakia (disease), esophagus leukoplakia, leukoplakia of esophagus, leukoplakia of oesophagus, leukoplakia of the esophagus, leukoplakia of the oesophagus, oesophagus leukoplakia.