A rare, primary immunodeficiency with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance but incomplete penetrance. It is caused by a mutation in the CASP10 (caspase-10) gene that leads to defective Fas-induced apoptosis. Disruption of Fas-induced apoptosis impairs lymphocyte homeostasis and immune tolerance. Characteristic laboratory findings include an increase in circulating, double-negative (CD4-/CD8-) T cells in the setting of immune-mediated anemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Clinical signs present in childhood include fatigue, pallor, bruising, hepatosplenomegaly and chronic, non-malignant, non-infectious lymphadenopathy. The clinical course is influenced by a strong association with other autoimmune disorders and an increased risk for developing Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The disease is Monarch Disease Ontology id MONDO_0011383 (autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2A). Also known as: ALPS-CASP10, ALPS2A, CASP10 autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome caused by mutation in CASP10, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type IIA, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, type II, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome-CASP10 variant, type 2 ALPS.