Shigellosis is a bacterial infection leading to dysentery and is caused by Shigella, which are small, ubiquitous Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the enterobacteria family. There are four species: S. dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. boydii and S. sonnei, all of which cause bacillary dysentery and are strictly limited to human hosts. The disease is shigellosis (Monarch Disease Ontology term MONDO_0019345). Also known as: Shigella gastroenteritis, bacillary dysentery.