Orphanet_199354 (CARASIL) is a hereditary cerebral small vessel disease characterized by early-onset gait disturbances, premature scalp alopecia, ischemic stroke, acute mid to lower back pain and progressive cognitive disturbances leading to severe dementia. Also known as: Cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, Maeda syndrome.