Implicated in nucleolar organization, ribosome biogenesis, protein synthesis and cytoplasmic dsRNA sensing (By similarity) (PubMed:21930779, PubMed:23871209, PubMed:26100019). Stimulates RNA polymerase I transcription of the 47S precursor rRNA. Associates with ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci where it is involved in POLR1A recruitment (PubMed:21930779). In the cytoplasm, promotes elongation-competent 80S ribosome assembly at the late stage of mRNA translation initiation (PubMed:26100019). Senses cytosolic dsRNA mediating NLRP3 inflammasome formation in macrophages and type I interferon production in myeloid dendritic cells (PubMed:23871209). Required for NLRP3 activation induced by viral dsRNA and bacterial RNA (PubMed:23871209). In dendritic cells, required for induction of type I interferon production induced by cytoplasmic dsRNA via the activation of MAPK and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q80VY9, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21930779, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23871209, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26100019}. This is the function of Ensembl gene identifier ENSG00000005100 (DHX33, DEAH-box helicase 33).