The function of ENSG00000012174 (MBTPS2, membrane bound transcription factor peptidase, site 2) is as follows. Zinc metalloprotease that mediates intramembrane proteolysis of proteins such as ATF6, ATF6B, SREBF1/SREBP1 and SREBF2/SREBP2 (PubMed:10805775, PubMed:11163209). Catalyzes the second step in the proteolytic activation of the sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) SREBF1/SREBP1 and SREBF2/SREBP2: cleaves SREBPs within the first transmembrane segment, thereby releasing the N- terminal segment with a portion of the transmembrane segment attached (PubMed:10805775, PubMed:27380894, PubMed:9659902). Mature N-terminal SREBP fragments shuttle to the nucleus and activate gene transcription (PubMed:10805775, PubMed:27380894, PubMed:9659902). Also mediates the second step in the proteolytic activation of the cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 (ATF6 and ATF6B) (PubMed:11163209). Involved in intramembrane proteolysis during bone formation (PubMed:27380894). In astrocytes and osteoblasts, upon DNA damage and ER stress, mediates the second step of the regulated intramembrane proteolytic activation of the transcription factor CREB3L1, leading to the inhibition of cell- cycle progression (PubMed:16417584). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10805775, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11163209, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16417584, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27380894, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9659902}.