The function of AMH (anti-Mullerian hormone, Ensembl gene identifier ENSG00000104899) is as follows. The anti-Muellerian hormone (AMH) plays an important role in several reproductive functions (PubMed:14742691, PubMed:34155118, PubMed:3754790, PubMed:8469238). Anti-Muellerian hormone binds and activates AMHR2, its specific type-II receptor, that heterodimerizes with type-I receptors (ACVR1 and BMPR1A) to regulate target gene expression through downstream SMAD protein signal transduction (PubMed:20861221, PubMed:34155118). Produced and secreted by Sertoli cells of the male fetus, anti-Muellerian hormone induces Muellerian duct regression during male fetal sexual differentiation (PubMed:34155118, PubMed:3754790, PubMed:8469238). In female, it is produced by granulosa cells of the preantral and small antral follicles and acts as a negative regulator of the primordial to primary follicle transition and decreases FSH sensitivity of growing follicles (PubMed:14742691). Also plays a role in Leydig cell differentiation and function (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27106, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14742691, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20861221, ECO:0000269|PubMed:34155118, ECO:0000269|PubMed:3754790, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8469238}.