[Neuromedin-U-25]: Multifunctional neuropeptide that acts via two G protein-coupled receptors, NMUR1 and NMUR2 (PubMed:15331768, PubMed:35440625). Functionally, is involved in pleiotropic roles, including regulation of feeding, energy balance, blood pressure and smooth muscle contraction (By similarity). Additionally modulates hormone release and inflammatory responses in a tissue- and receptor- dependent manner (PubMed:15585845, PubMed:33857254). Mechanistically, binding to NMUR1 or NMUR2 results in coupling of receptors to Galpha proteins, namely GNAQ/Gaq or GNA11/Ga11 and GNAI1/Gai subunits (PubMed:15331768). GNAQ/Gaq or GNA11/Ga11 coupling leads to the activation of a phospholipase C (PLC), which hydrolyzes PIP2 (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) into DAG (diacylglycerol) and IP3 (inositol trisphosphate), and subsequent intracellular calcium mobilization via IP3 receptors on the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:15331768). GNAI1/Gai coupling inhibits forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation (PubMed:15331768). In pancreatic beta cells, regulates insulin secretion through NMUR1 coupled to GNAI2 and GNAO1, resulting in reduced intracellular Ca2+ influx and cAMP levels (PubMed:33857254). Through NMUR1 in Th2-type T cells, enhances type 2 cytokine secretion and modulates inflammatory responses via activation of PLC-calcineurin-MEK and PI3K signaling pathways (PubMed:15585845). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P12760, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P34964, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15331768, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15585845, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33857254, ECO:0000269|PubMed:35440625}. [Neuromedin precursor-related peptide 33]: Does not function as a ligand for either NMUR1 or NMUR2. Indirectly induces prolactin release although its potency is much lower than that of neuromedin precursor-related peptide 36. . [Neuromedin precursor-related peptide 36]: Does not function as a ligand for either NMUR1 or NMUR2. Indirectly induces prolactin release from lactotroph cells in the pituitary gland, probably via the hypothalamic dopaminergic system. . This is the function of Ensembl gene identifier ENSG00000109255 (NMU, neuromedin U).