Deubiquitinating enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes 'Lys- 63'-linked polyubiquitin to monoubiquitin (PubMed:23827681). Required for the stability and translation of a subset mRNAs with a high abundance of rare codons by mediating deubiquitination of 40S ribosomal protein RPS10/eS10, thereby antagonizing ZNF598-mediated 40S ubiquitination (PubMed:36445135). The abundance of rare codons in mRNAs can limit the translation rate and can lead to ribosome collisions that trigger activation of ribosome quality control (RQC) pathway by ZNF598 (PubMed:36445135). OTUD1-mediated deubiquitination prevents activation of the RQC and subsequent dissociation of ribosomes and stimulates formation of polysomes and translation (PubMed:36445135). . This is the function of OTUD1 (OTU deubiquitinase 1, ENSG00000165312).