The function of Ensembl gene identifier ENSG00000197561 (ELANE, elastase, neutrophil expressed) is as follows. Serine protease that modifies the functions of natural killer cells, monocytes and granulocytes (PubMed:15140022). Shows microbicidal activity in neutrophils by mediating cleavage and degradation of bacterial proteins (PubMed:10947984, PubMed:25161283). Capable of killing E.coli but not S.aureus in vitro; digests outer membrane protein A (ompA) in E.coli and K.pneumoniae (PubMed:10947984). Involved for the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs): translocates into the nucleus downstream of MPO and mediates degadation of histone H4, thereby participating to chromatin decondensation (PubMed:20974816, PubMed:25066128, PubMed:28574339). NETs are mainly composed of DNA fibers and are released by neutrophils to trap pathogens during inflammation (PubMed:20974816, PubMed:25066128, PubMed:28574339). Inhibits C5a-dependent neutrophil enzyme release and chemotaxis (PubMed:15140022). Promotes cleavage of GSDMB, thereby inhibiting pyroptosis (PubMed:36899106). Promotes blood coagulation (PubMed:20676107). Through the activation of the platelet fibrinogen receptor integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3, potentiates platelet aggregation induced by a threshold concentration of cathepsin G (CTSG) (PubMed:25211214, PubMed:9111081). Cleaves and thus inactivates tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) (PubMed:20676107, PubMed:25211214). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10947984, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15140022, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20676107, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20974816, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25066128, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25161283, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25211214, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28574339, ECO:0000269|PubMed:36899106, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9111081}. (Microbial infection) Inhibited reversibly by S.aureus serine protease inhibitors Eap, EapH1 and EapH2, impairing microbicidal activity in neutrophils. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25161283, ECO:0000269|PubMed:36736422, ECO:0000269|PubMed:37269950, ECO:0000269|PubMed:39098536}.